Universal Design for Learning

How can the principles of the social model of disability be used to underpin learning and teaching in higher education?

The Universal Design for Learning (UDL) was developed by the Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST) in the USA. Its central principle is that curricula should be made accessible and appropriate for all students by adopting flexibility in learning outcomes, methods, materials, and assessments.

‘Universal’ does not imply a single solution for all; it accepts that multiple approaches are needed to meet the needs of diverse learners. In particular, UDL uses learning technologies to make education more inclusive and effective for all.

UDL calls for

• multiple means of representation: giving learners various ways of acquiring information and knowledge
• multiple means of expression: providing learners with alternative ways of demonstrating what they know
• multiple means of engagement: tapping into learners’ interests, offering appropriate challenges, and increasing motivation. (Adapted from CAST.)

Universal design in education has been taken forward by Sheffield Hallam University in their approach to developing inclusive academic assessment.

1. Inclusive teaching
2. Universal Design for Learning
3. Preparing to teach inclusively
4. Sustaining self-esteem and motivation
5. Barriers to learning
6. Specialist support staff
7. Assistive technologies
8. Learning environments
9. Learning materials
10. Academic assessment