{"id":1128,"date":"2026-04-04T09:39:20","date_gmt":"2026-04-04T08:39:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.open.ac.uk\/blogs\/rumpus\/?p=1128"},"modified":"2026-06-04T10:33:34","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T09:33:34","slug":"thinking-like-an-explorer-investigator-and-innovator-lessons-from-david-perkins-and-project-zero","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.open.ac.uk\/blogs\/rumpus\/index.php\/2026\/04\/04\/thinking-like-an-explorer-investigator-and-innovator-lessons-from-david-perkins-and-project-zero\/","title":{"rendered":"Thinking like an explorer, investigator and innovator: lessons from David Perkins and Project Zero &#8211; Harvard University"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>By <strong>Dr Alexandra Okada<\/strong>, Researcher in Global Education, AI and Sustainable Futures, The Open University \u00b7 UK\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>A conversation with David Perkins at Harvard&#8217;s Project Zero reveals how the REACH framework \u2014 built on the mindsets of Explorer, Investigator and Innovator \u2014 offers a powerful new lens for designing learning that is passionate, purposeful and transformative.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;It&#8217;s not something you just do \u2014 like exploring. It&#8217;s something you are: an explorer adopting a certain mindset toward the world.&#8221; \u2014 David Perkins<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>During a visit to Harvard&#8217;s Project Zero, Dr Okada spoke with Professor Perkins about REACH \u2014 a framework built on three learning mindsets: Explorer, Investigator and Innovator. Perkins argues that too much schooling stops at &#8220;learn it and pass the test,&#8221; missing the passionate engagement that makes learning last. For Okada, this resonates beyond the classroom: in higher education, research projects are increasingly fuelled by funders&#8217; agendas and ever more competitive grant cycles \u2014 creating a similar risk of losing the\u00a0 passionate commitment for the lifeworthy transformation that research should lead. The conversation revealed striking alignments with the CARE\u2013KNOW\u2013DO framework at the heart of the METEOR project, and explored whether AI could help sustain these deeper models of learning and research impact at scale.<\/p>\n<h2>Introduction<\/h2>\n<p>What does it mean to truly understand something? Not just to recall it, but to act on it, connect it to the world, and keep asking questions? These are the questions that have driven the work of David Perkins and his colleagues at <a href=\"https:\/\/pz.harvard.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" onclick=\"javascript:urchinTracker ('\/outbound\/article\/pz.harvard.edu');\">Project Zero<\/a>, Harvard Graduate School of Education \u2014 and they feel more urgent than ever as we reimagine education for sustainable futures.<\/p>\n<p>It was a privilege to visit Harvard and speak with David, whose decades of work on thinking, learning, and understanding have shaped education systems worldwide. At the heart of our discussion was a framework called <strong>REACH<\/strong> \u2014 and the profound idea that deeper learning needs not just skills, but <em>mindsets<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Professor David Perkins\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/LKzwNeGtJOU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<h2>What is REACH?<\/h2>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<p>REACH ties thinking strategies to learning attitudes \u2014 what David calls <em>mindsets<\/em>: ways of engaging with the world framed not as activities, but as identities. There are three core personas:<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 1.5em 0;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f0f7f4;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 12px 16px; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Persona<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 12px 16px; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Core orientation<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 12px 16px; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Key questions<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\"><strong>&#x1f9ed; Explorer<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Mapping complexity<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Zoom in (details &amp; structure) \u00b7 Zoom out (systemic connections) \u00b7 Zoom through time (how has this changed, where is it going?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f9f9f9;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\"><strong>&#x1f52c; Investigator<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Focusing on a specific issue<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">What is the question? \u00b7 What is the evidence? \u00b7 What conclusions can you reach?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\"><strong>&#x1f4a1; Innovator<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Seeking application<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">What can be done with this \u2014 now, or in my community?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The distinction between <em>exploring<\/em> and being an <em>Explorer<\/em> is subtle but deeply significant. Personas are more than verbs \u2014 they are ways of inhabiting a role, of bringing curiosity and passion to learning itself.<\/p>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<h2>The problem with going through the motions<\/h2>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<p>One of David&#8217;s sharpest observations was about the missing &#8220;passionate side&#8221; of thinking and learning. Too much schooling guides students toward one destination: learn it, pass the test, write the essay. The Innovator mindset in REACH pushes against this \u2014 asking learners what can be <em>done<\/em> with what they are learning, in their community, in their life, even now.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;One of the problems with a lot of schooling is that there&#8217;s nothing much you&#8217;re guided to do with what you&#8217;re learning \u2014 other than learn it and pass the test. The whole point of the innovator role is to encourage learners to think in terms of what can be done now, or nowish, or in my community.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 David Perkins, Project Zero, Harvard<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<h2>How REACH connects to CARE\u2013KNOW\u2013DO<\/h2>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<p>Listening to David, I was struck by how deeply REACH resonates with the <strong>CARE\u2013KNOW\u2013DO<\/strong> framework (Okada &amp; Gray, 2023) that underpins our work in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ou.ac.uk\/meteor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" >METEOR project<\/a> and across UNESCO UNITWIN AI Unplugged.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 1.5em 0;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f0f7f4;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 12px 16px; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">CARE\u2013KNOW\u2013DO<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 12px 16px; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Focus<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 12px 16px; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Connection to REACH<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\"><strong>CARE<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Values &amp; motivation<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Aligns with REACH&#8217;s emphasis on mindsets and the passionate engagement of<strong> Explorer<\/strong> and Innovator personas<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f9f9f9;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\"><strong>KNOW<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Understanding &amp; inquiry<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Mirrors the<strong> Investigator<\/strong> \u2014 evidence, reasoning, and reaching well-grounded conclusions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\"><strong>DO<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Action &amp; application<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid #d0e8df;\">Directly echoes the<strong> Innovato<\/strong>r \u2014 turning learning into real-world action in community and context<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Both frameworks share a conviction: that education must move learners beyond passive knowledge consumption toward active, values-driven engagement with the world. Together, they offer a powerful lens for designing learning experiences that are not only intellectually rigorous but genuinely transformative.<\/p>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<h2>Can AI help sustain deeper learning?<\/h2>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<p>David raised a question that resonates strongly with our METEOR work: could AI act as a practical scaffold \u2014 not a coach exactly, but a support system \u2014 that makes sustaining deeper models of learning more manageable at scale? Historically, technology has made things possible &#8220;a lot rather than only once in a while.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Could AI do the same for pedagogical innovation?<\/p>\n<p>This is not a solved question. But it is exactly the kind of <em>intriguingly puzzling frontier<\/em> David encourages us to pursue \u2014 resisting the obvious models that do not work, and asking: how else can the game be played? It is a question we are actively exploring through the METEOR project&#8217;s work on AI tools for mapping knowledge for sustainability.<\/p>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<h2>Situating learners in a larger story<\/h2>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<p>We also discussed intrinsic motivation \u2014 particularly for subjects that do not connect immediately to students&#8217; daily lives. David&#8217;s insight was elegant: even abstract knowledge can have magnetism when it situates us in a larger story. Understanding dinosaurs, mammoths, deep time \u2014 these are not just facts. They are chapters in a story that includes us.<\/p>\n<p>For those of us working at the intersection of education, AI, and sustainability, this feels like an invitation: to help learners see themselves as part of something bigger, and to design learning that makes that story visible.<\/p>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<h2>A takeaway for the METEOR project<\/h2>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<p>Visiting Project Zero reminded me why frameworks like CARE\u2013KNOW\u2013DO and models like REACH matter so deeply. They are not just tools \u2014 they are invitations to <em>become<\/em> something: a curious Explorer, a rigorous Investigator, a creative Innovator. As we continue mapping knowledge for sustainability with AI tools in METEOR, that shift from doing to <em>being<\/em> feels like one of the most important design challenges we face.<\/p>\n<p>Thank you, David \u2014 for a conversation full of ideas, warmth, and the occasional story about coasting down a mountain road in Cape Town with the engine off. Sometimes you do need to turn off the engine for a while.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<h3>&#x1f3a7; Further listening: Thinkability podcast<\/h3>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<p>David Perkins and Shari Tishman host <em><a href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/us\/podcast\/thinkability\/id1528280538\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" onclick=\"javascript:urchinTracker ('\/outbound\/article\/podcasts.apple.com');\">Thinkability<\/a><\/em> \u2014 a podcast exploring thinking skills, learning dispositions, and education for understanding. New episodes are on the way. Search <strong>Thinkability<\/strong> wherever you listen to podcasts.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<h3>References<\/h3>\n<p><!-- ===================== --><\/p>\n<p>Okada, A., &amp; Gray, S. (2023). CARE\u2013KNOW\u2013DO: A framework for responsible AI-mediated learning. <em>Open Research Europe<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Perkins, D. (2014). <em>Future Wise: Educating Our Children for a Changing World<\/em>. Jossey-Bass.<\/p>\n<p>Project Zero, Harvard Graduate School of Education: <a href=\"https:\/\/pz.harvard.edu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" onclick=\"javascript:urchinTracker ('\/outbound\/article\/pz.harvard.edu');\">https:\/\/pz.harvard.edu<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>This post is part of the <strong>METEOR Project<\/strong> blog series on AI tools and knowledge mapping for sustainability. The METEOR project is funded by the European Commission under Horizon Europe.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Dr Alexandra Okada, Researcher in Global Education, AI and Sustainable Futures, The Open University \u00b7 UK\u00a0\u00a0 A conversation with David Perkins at Harvard&#8217;s Project Zero reveals how the REACH framework \u2014 built on the mindsets of Explorer, Investigator and Innovator \u2014 offers a powerful new lens for designing learning that is passionate, purposeful and &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.open.ac.uk\/blogs\/rumpus\/index.php\/2026\/04\/04\/thinking-like-an-explorer-investigator-and-innovator-lessons-from-david-perkins-and-project-zero\/\" class=\"more-link\" >Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Thinking like an explorer, investigator and innovator: lessons from David Perkins and Project Zero &#8211; Harvard University&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1128","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fun"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.open.ac.uk\/blogs\/rumpus\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1128","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.open.ac.uk\/blogs\/rumpus\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.open.ac.uk\/blogs\/rumpus\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.open.ac.uk\/blogs\/rumpus\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.open.ac.uk\/blogs\/rumpus\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1128"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.open.ac.uk\/blogs\/rumpus\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1128\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1135,"href":"https:\/\/www.open.ac.uk\/blogs\/rumpus\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1128\/revisions\/1135"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.open.ac.uk\/blogs\/rumpus\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1128"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.open.ac.uk\/blogs\/rumpus\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1128"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.open.ac.uk\/blogs\/rumpus\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}