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Charles W. Leadbeater

About: 

Charles W. Leadbeater was a former Anglican clergyman and a prominent member of the Theosophical Society, which he joined in 1883. In 1889, during his travels to India, he found Currupumullage Jinarajadasa, who he believed to be the reincarnation of his deceased younger brother. Leadbeater brought Jinarajadasa to England where he tutored him before Jinarajadasa gained admission into the University of Cambridge.

In 1910, Leadbeater 'discovered' Jiddu Krishnamurti in Adyar. Leadbeater believed that Krishnamurti was the reincarnation of the World Teacher/Messiah and drew him to the attention of Annie Besant, who took Krishnamurti and his brother under her wing. Before this, in 1906, Leadbeater had been charged with 'perversion' against young boys and had resigned from the Theosophical Society. The charges were never proved and when Annie Besant became President of the Society in 1907, she reinstated Leadbeater. Krishnamurti's father underwent a protracted custody battle against Besant and Leadbeater over the two boys, but eventually the Theosophists were able to assume total guardianship over the boys.

Leadbeater can be described as an observant traveller on the astral plane and wrote many books recounting his experiences. He and Besant collaborated to produce Occult Chemistry in which they used clairvoyance to examine atoms.

Published works: 

The Astral Plane (London: The Theosophical Society, 1895)

An Outline of Theosophy (London: The Theosophical Society, 1902)

Occult Chemistry (London: Theosophical Society, 1908)

The Inner Life (Adyar: Theosophical Society, 1910)

The Chakras (Illinois: Theosophical Society, 1927)

How Theosophy Came to Me (Adyar: Theosophical Society, 1930)

Date of birth: 
16 Feb 1854
Secondary works: 

Lutyens, Mary, Krishnamurti: The Years of Awakening (New York: Avon, 1983)

Sinnett, A. P., The Early Days of Theosophy in Europe (London: Theosophical Publishing House, 1922)

Tillett, Gregory, The Elder Brother: A Biography of Charles Webster Leadbeater (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1982)

Archive source: 

Theosophical Society Archives, Adyar, India

City of birth: 
Stockport
Country of birth: 
England
Other names: 

Charles Webster Leadbeater

Date of death: 
01 Mar 1934
Location of death: 
Perth, Australia
Tags for Making Britain: 

Sunity Devee

About: 

Born in 1864, Sunity Devee was the daughter of the Brahmo Samaj reformer Keshub Chunder Sen. The 2nd of 10 children, Sunity was educated at a school for girls in Calcutta. In March 1878, at the age of 13, Sunity Devee was married to the Maharaja of Cooch Behar (an act that created a great deal of controversy especially for her father). The Maharaja immediately went to England after their marriage and returned in February 1879, after which the couple lived together.

In 1887, by which time Sunity Devee had already had 3 children, the family sailed to England for the Jubilee. They were accompanied by Sunity's two brothers, Nirmul and Profulla. Nirmul Sen later worked in the India Office in London for the welfare of Indian students. During this visit, the couple met the Queen on a number of occasions and socialized with other members of the Royal Family. Queen Victoria was Godmother to their fourth child, Victor.

In May 1894, their eldest son, Rajey, went to England at the age of 12 to be educated at Mr Carter's Prepatory School at Farnborough. He then went on to Eton and Oxford. His (three) younger brothers all later followed him to Farnborough and Eton. Their three daughers all went to England as well. The two youngest were educated at Ravens Croft School in Eastbourne. These Princesses, Prativa and Sudhira, married Lionel and Alan Mander in 1912 and 1914 respectively. Prativa and Lionel's marriage ended in an acrimonous divorce, that was reported in The Times, in 1921 and 1922. The Maharaja and Maharani often travelled to England. They were in England in 1911 when Sunity Devee's husband fell ill and died on 18 September 1911. He was cremated at Golders' Green.

Published works: 

The Autobiography of an Indian Princess (London: John Murray, 1921)

Date of birth: 
01 Jan 1864
Connections: 

Queen Alexander, Maharaja of Cooch Behar, Lord Ripon, Keshub Chunder Sen, Nirmul Sen, Duchess of Teck, Queen Victoria

Precise DOB unknown: 
Y
Secondary works: 

Moore, Lucy, Maharanis: The Lives and Times of Three Generations of Indian Princesses (London: Viking, 2004)

Archive source: 

Portraits in National Portrait Gallery

Involved in events: 

Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee, 1887.

Coronation of Edward VII, where she was awarded the Imperial Order of the Crown of India, 1902.

City of birth: 
Calcutta
Country of birth: 
India
Current name city of birth: 
Kolkata
Current name country of birth: 
India

Locations

Grosvenor Hotel, London W1K 7TN
United Kingdom
51° 30' 40.6872" N, 0° 8' 49.9128" W
Englefield Green, Surrey
TW20 0XD
United Kingdom
51° 25' 28.9668" N, 0° 34' 15.33" W
Porchester Gate, London
W2 3HU
United Kingdom
51° 31' 3.6984" N, 0° 11' 19.0932" W
Dates of time spent in Britain: 

1887, 1902, 1906, 1910-1911, 1913, 1920-1921

Location: 

Grosvenor Hotel, London (1887)

Englefield Green, Surrey (1906)

2 Porchester Gate, London (1910-1911)

 

Tags for Making Britain: 

W. C. Bonnerjee

About: 

Woomes Chunder Bonnerjee was the son of Girish Chunder Bonnerjee, an attorney, and his wife, Saraswati Devi. He was educated at the Oriental Seminary and the Hindu School, Calcutta. Concerned at his negligence, his father removed him from school and in 1861 articled him to a local British solicitor. Bonnerjee won a government scholarship to study Law in England in 1864 and lodged at 108 Denbigh Street, St George's Road, London. He was admitted a student of  Middle Temple on 19 November 1864 and was called to the Bar on 11 June 1867. He was a founder and Secretary of the London Indian Society, and advocated representative and responsible government in India. He then became a member of the East India Association, which superseded the London Indian Society.

Bonnerjee left England in 1868, and on 12 November was enrolled as an advocate at the Calcutta High Court. He became involved with Calcutta University; he was a member of its syndicate, President of its Faculty of Law (1884), and its first representative on the Legislative Council (1894–5). Bonnerjee was one of the founder-members of the Indian National Congress in December 1885. Proposed by Allan Octavian Hume, he was unanimously elected the first President. In the meantime, Bonnerjee travelled between India and Britain: he sent his four-year old son Shelley, and young Nolini and Susie to be educated in Britain in 1874. He and his wife, Hemangini, travelled to and fro, bringing their children to be educated in Britain. In 1888 Hemangini settled permanently in London.

Wealthy from the Bar, Bonnerjee, in about 1890, bought a large house, 8 Bedford Park, Croydon, Surrey, which he named Kidderpore. Bonnerjee lived partly in England and partly in India until 1902, thereafter living mostly at Croydon and practising before the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. He died at his home, Kidderpore, on 21 July 1906. Although Hemangini had converted to Christianity, W. C. Bonnerjee had remained a Hindu, but was given a non-religious burial in England, as according to his wishes. Hemangini returned to India after his death and died in 1910. Their descendents live in India and Britain.

Published works: 

Reform of the Hindu Marriage Laws: A Paper Read at a Meeting Held on the 26th of November 1867 and Reprinted from the Journal of the East India Association (London: Macmillan, 1868)

The Hindu Wills Act, Act Xxi of 1870 (Calcutta, 1871)

Indian Politics: A Collection of Essays and Addresses. With an Introduction by W. C. Bonnerjee (Madras: G. A. Natesan & Co., 1898)

Date of birth: 
29 Dec 1844
Connections: 

Surendranath Banerjea (Bonnerjee defended Banerjea in 1883), Hemangini Bonnerjee (wife), Janaki Agnes Penelope Majumdar (daughter), Kamal Krishna Shelley Bonnerjee (son), Ratna Krishna Curran Bonnerjee (son), Noline Héloise Bonnerjee (daughter), Pramilla Bonnerjee (daughter), Susila Anita Bonnerjee (daughter), Revd Pitt Bonarjee (cousin), Romesh Chunder Dutt, Allan Octavian Hume, Dadabhai Naoroji, Badruddin Tyabji.

Contributions to periodicals: 

Journal of the East India Association 1.1 (Jul. 1867) [transcripts of first EIA annual meeting in which W. C. Bonnerjee was involved]

Secondary works: 

Banerji, K. L., Life, Letters and Speeches of W. C. Bonnerjee (Calcutta: 1923) 

Bonnerjee, Sadhona, Life of W.C. Bonnerjee: First President of the Indian National Congress (Calcutta: Bhowanipore Press, 1944)

Craig, F. W. S., British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918 ([S. l.]: Macmillan, 1974)

Foster, Joseph, Men-at-the-Bar: A Biographical Hand-List of the Members of the Various Inns of Court, Including Her Majesty's Judges, Etc ([S.l.]: Reeves and Turner, 1885)

Ghose, Manmatha Nath, W. C. Bonnerjee - the First and Eighth President of Indian National Congress. Snapshots from His Life and His London Letters. Vol. 1 ... Revised by Manmatha Nath Ghose (Calcutta: Deshbandhu Book Depot, 1944)

Lahiri, Shompa, Indians in Britain: Anglo-Indian Encounters, Race and Identity, 1880-1930 (London: Frank Cass, 2000)

Majumdar, Janaki Agnes Penelope, Family History, ed. and introduction by Antoinette Burton (New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2003)

Mukherjee, Manicklal, W. C. Bonnerjee: Snapshots from his Life and his London Letters (Calcutta: Deshbandu Book Depot, 1944)

Sanyal, Ram Gopal, A General Biography of Bengali Celebrities, both living and dead (Calcutta: U. C. Chuckerbutty, 1889)

Stearn, Roger T., 'Bonnerjee, Woomes Chunder (1844–1906)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004) [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/76337]

Sturgess, H. A. C., Register of Admissions to the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple, from the Fifteenth Century to the Year 1944 (London: Published for the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple by Butterworth, 1949)

Virabhadraravu, Adiraju, Jivita Caritavali = Lives of Great Men: Mudati Bhagamu (Madras: A. Virabhadraravu, 1913)

Visram, Rozina, Asians in Britain: 400 Years of History (London: Pluto, 2002)

City of birth: 
Sonai, Kidderpore, Bengal
Country of birth: 
India
Other names: 

Woomes Chunder Bonnerjee

Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee

Locations

108 Denbigh Street
London, SW1V 2EU
United Kingdom
51° 29' 18.5676" N, 0° 8' 18.7152" W
'Kidderpore' House
8 Bedford Park
Croyden, CR0 2BS
United Kingdom
51° 22' 43.9104" N, 0° 5' 44.8764" W
Date of death: 
21 Jul 1906
Location of death: 
Croydon, London, England
Date of 1st arrival in Britain: 
01 Jan 1864
Precise 1st arrival date unknown: 
Y
Dates of time spent in Britain: 

1864-8, 1888, 1890-1902 (on and off), 1902-6

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