Ingvill says that ‘in studying an educational activity such as project work, it is essential to take into acoount that participants have existing and established relationships.’ That’s obviously true of her work in the classroom, but I wonder to what extent it would relate to an asynchronous conference? There may be pre-existing relationships from other courses. I suppose there are more likely to be generic relationships – people expect their relationship with the supervisor to be like past relationships, they expect students to be pretty much like other students they have encountered online.