This is an archive of documents on Mozambique not readily available elsewhere, and references to Mozambique articles on other websites.

Last updated: 17 October 2019.

Link to Mozambique News Reports & Clippings - newsletter - 2018

Link to 2018 Local Elections newsletter with final election results

Link to Daily flood reports

Recent important documents

2019 US indictment of Manuel Chang and others relating to secret debt

2017 Kroll forensic audit of secret debt (English, 80 Mb!)

2017 Kroll audit of secret debt, Executive Summary (English)

2016 Parliamentary Commission report on the secret debt (in Portuguese)

Key points of Parliamentary Commission report, in English

Mozambique should not pay the secret debt in English and Portuguese.

Third World Quarterly paper 2017:

Portuguese: Seguindo o caminho desenhado pelos doadores para lidar com a dívida secreta de $2,2 bilhões de Moçambique

English: Following the donor-designed path to the $2.2 billion secret debt

Report, "Gas for development or just for money?"

Exchange rates and minimum wages - 1996-2018

There was a recover of wages and exchange rate stability in early 2018. In the three years 2014-17 the Mozambicna Metical was substantially devalued, from US$1=Mt30 to US$1=Mt70, and South African Rand 1 = Mt 3 to SAR1=Mt5. Minimum wages have been increased significantly but the devaluation cuts the US$ value. The minimum wages are now $54 per month for farm workers, $60 for civil servants, and $103 in industry. Minimum wage & exchange rate charts and tables 1996-2018 . There is a good table of government wages, including health and education.

Books by Joseph Hanlon & Teresa Smart

Há mais bicicletas - mas há desenvolvimento?

free download of out of print Portuguese edition (5 Mb)

Do bicycles equal development in Mozambique?

Still available in English from the publisher or Amazon - e-book and paperback.

Chickens and beer:

A recipe for agricultural growth in Mozambique

In English, free pdf download (6 Mb)

or e-book from US Amazon - http://www.amazon.com/dp/B00NRZXXKE or UK Amazon.

Summary in English

Galinhas e cerveja: uma recita para o cresimento

In Portuguese, from bookshops in Maputo (Karibu at airport, Livaria UEM, Bazar Pariso, Mivany) or direct from the distributor: Kapicua, (which has recently moved to) Av de Maguiguana (nr Lenine), Maputo. .Capitulo 1 - Intr odução

Tabelas, gráficos e figuras que estão faltando na edição impressa do capítulo 6 do Galinhas e cerveja

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Budget support (GBS, G-19)

Various May 2014 documents relating to budget support:

Coal and gas

Mozambique Political Process Bulletin 53: Mozambique to become one of biggest coal & gas producers

Boletim sobre o processo político em Moçambique 53: Moçambique tenta entrar na lista dos maiores produtores de carvão e gás

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Mozambique chapters in Africa Yearbook

Africa Yearbook 2014 - Mozambique

Africa Yearbook 2013 - Mozambique

Africa Yearbook 2012 - Mozambique

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Africa Yearbook 2011 - Mozambique

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Agriculture & land

Gurue soya boom

Thousands of subsistence farmers in Gúruè district are earning small amounts of money from soya. However, about 100 farmers earned more than $1000 profit from soya, and have become small commercial farmers. But land conflicts are increasing.

Gúruè produced nearly 6000 tonnes of soya this year, adding more than $2 million to the local economy. Soya is a "revolution for the population," Gúruè Permanent Secretary Tito Celestino said. And the growth potential for soya is huge.

Soya boom in Gurue updated (Hanlon-Smart Research Report 1; 10 Sept 2012 updated 23 Sept 2013; 258 kb)

O boom da soja no Gurué revisado

Making money farming in Manica

In Manica province there are probably several hundred small and medium commercial farmers (often called "emergent farmers"). This is in sharp contrast to a research visit seven years ago, when there were few small commercial farmers. There are two keys to the growth in the number of emergent farmers. First has been hands-on management and step-by-step progress. Second has been outside support, often linked to contract farming. But no large foreign agricultural investors have succeeded in Manica. Prio Foods, with 24,000 ha and €6 million investment, was the latest to fail, in January 2013 -- following the trail blazed by Sun Biofuels and others. Pouring in money and smart foreign managers has not, so far, been a recipe for success.

Making money farming in Manica (Hanlon-Smart Research Report 2; 21 May 2013; 227 kb)

Fazendo dinheiro nas machambas de Manica

Chickens and beer on the road to growth

Compared to seven years ago when we last visited, rural Nampula remains very poor - although there is now some commercial agriculture where there was none before. A growing number of individuals and associations are becoming small commercial farmers. It has taken a decade, but the seeds planted by the more hands-on and practical agencies like Clusa and TechnoServe have produced at least an initial crop. A key motor has been the domestic and foreign private sector with a long time horizon. Mozambican traders are more active and this has produced a market. But satisfying that market requires inputs, ploughing, technology, and credit which is not readily available. The companies making the most impact are those that are willing to invest for 10 or 20 years ahead, who are building businesses for their children and grandchildren, and who are building businesses that depend for their success on Mozambican commercial farmers. Contract farming of soya (for chiken feed) and cassava (for beer) are raising local incomes.

Chickens and beer on the road to growth (Hanlon-Smart Research Report 3; 23 September 2013; 347 kb)

Galinhas e cerveja: uma receita para o crescimento

Irrigation - only for the President to see

Irrigation pumps installed in Nante, Zambézia, following the visit of President Armando Guebuza in May 2010, have never been used. He promised pumps would be installed within 45 days, and they were. But motors did not match the pumps, so cannot be used.
Report in English and Portuguese

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document For the president to see - Nante pumps (English) (74 kb)

Para Presidente Ver - Nante electrobombas - CIP Serviço de Partilha de Informação nº17/2012

World Bank conference paper on land

"Confrontation Between Peasant Producers and Investors in Northern Zambézia, Mozambique, in the Context of Profit Pressures on European Investors" by Simon Norfolk and Joseph Hanlon. Paper presented at the World Bank Annual Conference on Land and Poverty, Washington DC, 23-25 April 2012
Paper in English and Portuguese

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Confrontation Between Peasant Producers and Investors (291 kb)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Confrontos entre productores camponeses e investidores (221 kb)

Agriculture: Obama vs Annan models

The G8 and the Africa Progress Panel offer different agricultural development models

Guardian PovertyMatters blog 31 July 2012

Donor agriculture proposals

USAID proposals for G8 agriculture agreement with Mozambique, including the list of companies which might participate, and the World Bank policy matrix. Both documents appear to be the donor proposals to which they government has yet to agree.

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document USAID G8 Proposta de Cooperação (413 kb)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document World Bank draft policy matrix (233 kb)

Pro-Savana

Pro-Savana is a joint Japanese-Brazilian-Mozambican agricultural development programme for the Nacala corridor based on a similar Japanese-supported programme in the Brazilian cerrado. It is proving controversial. See Mozambique News Reports and Clippings 209 and 210 for more details. We are posting here a range of documents.

The Food Crisis and the Global Land Grab website has extensive material on Pro-Savana, including a leaked draft of the Pro-Savana master plan.

A defence of Pro-Savana by Natalia Fingermann, Os mitos por trás do ProSavana (The myths behind ProSavana, but in Portutuguese only) , has been published by IESE (Instituto de Estudos Sociais e Económicos; Institute of Social and Economic Studies) in Maputo. This has been challenged by Sayaka Funada-Classen in Observador Rural No.12 in English and Portuguese. She has also written Analysis of the Discourse and Background of the ProSAVANA Programme in Mozambique – focusing on Japan’s role in English and in Portuguese as Análise do Discurso e dos Antecedentes do Programa ProSAVANA em Moçambique – enfoque no papel do Japão in which she argues "this programme started as a political, diplomatic, commercial and publicity project, and has not been initiated from the needs of the local inhabitants"

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Land Grabbing, Agribusiness and the Peasantry in Brazil and Mozambique - Elizabeth Clements and Bernardo Fernandes (1 Mb)

Plataforma Provincial da Sociedade Civil de Nampula, Comunicado de Imprensa sobre ProSavana, 30 de Setembro 2013.

Estrangeirização da terra, agronegócio e campesinato no Brasil e em Moçambique. Elizabeth Alice Clements e Bernardo Mançano Fernandes

Land Grabbing for Agribusiness in Mozambique: UNAC statement on the ProSavana Programme

Ação do estado e as transformações agrárias no caerrado -Vera Pessoa

A conservação do Cerrado brasileiro - Carlos Klink e Ricardo Machado

A urdidura espacial do capital e do trabalho no cerrado - Marcelo Mendonça

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2011 & 2012 municipal by-elections

There were by-elections (eleicoes intercalares) for mayor (presidente) on 7 December 2011 in Cuamba, Pemba and Quelimane, and on 18 April 2012 in Inhambane. These are various related documents:

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Observatório Eleitoral - Comunicado preliminar - Cuamba, Pemba, Quelimane

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Observatório Eleitoral - Final - Cuamba, Pemba, Quelimane

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Observatório Eleitoral - Inhambane

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Comissão Nacional de Eleições - Inhambane - 19/2012

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Comissão Nacional de Eleições - apuramento - Inhambane

Conselho Constitucional - 4CC2011 - Cuamba, Pemba, Quelimane

Conselho Constitucional - 3/CC/2012 - Inhambane

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document CODD: How Inhambane voters were informed (very large file 20 Mb)

Full text of approved ethics law

Parliament (Assembleia da República) on 11 May 2012 passed the ethics and conflict of interest law. Originally presented as Lei do Servidor Público (Public Servants Law), it was retitled Lei de Probidade Pública (Public Probity Law). The file is large and is broken into four parts. The text is in Portuguese; there is not yet an English translation.

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Lei de Probidade Publica 1 (6 Mb)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Lei de Probidade Publica 2 (8.2 Mb)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Lei de Probidade Publica 3 (8.5 Mb)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Lei de Probidade Publica 4 (6 Mb)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document CODD: How were Inhambane voters informed? (very large file: 20 Mb)

Frelimo 10th Congress

The 10th party congress in Pemba 23-28 September 2102. Mainly reports of Political Commission and Central Committee elections. (There was little policy debate.)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Mozambique News Reports & Clippings 202 - 1 October 2012 - full election results (200 kb)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document X congresso da Frelimo - O Pais, Radio Moçambique

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Frelimo 10th Congress: AIM English reports

Political Commission candidates lists. Continuidade Mulheres and Areas Económicas e Sociais are missing.

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Continuidade Homens (815 kb)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Renovação (733 kb)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Combatentes (877 kb)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Jovens (733 kb)

2014 flood reports

11 March 2014

10 March 2014

9 March 2014 and press statement

7 March 2014

Floods 2013

After heavy rains, there was serious flooding in southern Mozambique. On Wednesday 23 January the city of Chokwe was totally flooded and flood waters had reached the level of the 2000 flood. Floodwaters hit Xai Xai on Saturday 26 January, but were lower than 2000. The peak passed relatively quickly and the clean-up began in on 29 January.
We will post flood reports as they become available.
Nearly all are in Portuguese.
There is a very detailed daily Boletin Hidrológio National (National Water Bulletin) which gives current water levels compared to other years and flood levels.
There are excellent annotated satellite pictures on the website of the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR), which are updated regularly.

UNITAR satellite images of flooded areas

AIM summary report on flooding 18 Feb 2013

Briefing Instituto Nacional de Gestão de Calamidades 18 Feb 2013 (7.7 Mb!)

Boletim Hidrológico Nacional 64 - 18 Feb 2013 (913 kb)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Boletim Hidrológico Nacional 57 - 11 Feb 2013 (983 kb)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Boletim Hidrológico Nacional 56 - 10 Feb 2013 (979 kb)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Boletim Hidrológico Nacional 55 - 9 Feb 2013 (401 kb)

Icon - Adobe Acrobat pdf document Boletim Hidrológico Nacional 54 - 8 Feb 2013 (975 kb)

Icon - Microsoft Power Point document Briefing Instituto Nacional de Gestão de Calamidades 8 Feb 2013 (11 Mb!)