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Description
Insight into the complicated results of development can be obtained by examining the development of the sea urchin egg as it offers valuable experimental advantages. Dr. Thomas illustrates sea urch...in development using unique pictures and time lapse film and shows how apparently complex changes may be explained in terms of properties of the cell membrane and cell behaviour. Norman Cohen reviews the results obtainable in the Home experiment and describes the life cycle of the slime mould amoeba using time lapse fill.
Metadata describing this Open University video programme
Item code: S2-5; 05
First transmission date: 23-09-1973
Published: 1973
Rights Statement:
Restrictions on use:
Duration: 00:23:09
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Producer: Roger Jones
Contributors: Norman Cohen; Jeff Thomas
Publisher: BBC Open University
Keyword(s): Cell behaviour; Cell membrane; Development; Home experiment; Sea urchin; Slime mould amoeba; Time lapse film
Footage description: Norman Cohen introduces the programme. It will examine gastrulation. Time-lapse shots of salamander embryo undergoing gastrulation. Time lapse shots of frog embryo undergoing gastrulation. Commentary by Cohen points out the similarities of the two. Cohen uses an orange as a visual aid in his discussion on the difficulties of finding out what is going on inside the embryo during gastrulation. Shot of a fertilised sea urchin egg. Jeff Thomas points out its membranes. Shot of sea urchin at the 8 cell stage. Shots of sea urchin blastula. Cells on the inside of the blastula can be made out and migrating cells seen. Commentary by Thomas explains what is happening. Thomas points out the advantages of using sea urchins to study gastrulation. Thomas explains why time lapse photography is essential for studying gastrulation. Time-lapse shots show gastrulation in progress. Thomas uses still photographs to sum up the action so far. Thomas examines the mechanism by which cells move during gastrulation. He draws diagrams and uses still photos as aids. Time-lapse shots show sea urchin gastrulation. Primary invagination stage seen. Thomas discusses causes of primary invagination during gastrulation. He uses a still photo and diagrams as aids. Shot of sea urchin at primary invagination stage of gastrulation. Thomas points out pseudopods a explains their role in gastrulation. Thomas sums up the mechanisms responsible for gastrulation: cell adhesion, formation of pseudopods. Time-lapse shots show sea urchin gastrulation. Norman Cohen describes the life cycle of the slime mould amoeba with the aid of time-lapse film. Time lapse shots of slime mould amoeba emerging from a spore. Time-lapse shots of slime mould amoeba feeding on bacteria. Time-lapse shots of slime mould amoeba during cell division. N. Cohen with agar dish of slime mould amoeba. He explains the next step in the amoeva's life aggregation. Time-lapse shots of slime mould amoeba aggregating. Cohen explains the cause of the aggregation. Cohen points out some aggregates on the agar dish. Time-lapse shots show slug migration of the slime mould aggregate. Time-lapse shots of the culminating phase show the fruiting body forming at the top of the stalk. (Amoeba spores are formed here) Cohen with an agar dish containing several fruiting bodies. Magnified still shot of a single fruiting body. Cohen points out the advantages of using slime mould to study development. He also points out the evolutionary advantages of cell differentiation for this organism. Time-lapse shots show the life cycle of the slime mould amoeba again.
Master spool number: 6HT/71018
Production number: 00525_1023
Videofinder number: 2825
Available to public: no