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Description
In the century before the Revolutions of 1848 the population of Europe almost doubled. Clive Emsley lecturer in history at the Open University, looks at the pressure this put on urban areas, whethe...r new industrial towns or traditional cities. He compares living conditions in London and Paris, using contemporary illustrations and lecturer descriptions, and considers the evidence linking poverty with crime and social unrest. Contemporaries, who certainly believed there was a connection and a significant strand of Utopian thinking, proposed socialist communities as a short-term solution. O'Connorviile and New Lanark were just two of tlie larger English experiments. In France Fourier designed pilot socialist communes. The element of town planning in these experiments did have a long-term significance and affected plans for improvement of the traditional urban environment. Haussnann's designs for a new centre of Paris owed a great deal to the ideas of Utopian planners. Urban renewal was seen as a form of social control.
In the century before the Revolutions of 1848 the population of Europe almost doubled. Clive Emsley lecturer in history at the Open University, looks at the pressure this put on urban areas, whethe...r new industrial towns or traditional cities. He compares living conditions in London and Paris, using contemporary illustrations and lecturer descriptions, and considers the evidence linking poverty with crime and social unrest. Contemporaries, who certainly believed there was a connection and a significant strand of Utopian thinking, proposed socialist communities as a short-term solution. O'Connorviile and New Lanark were just two of tlie larger English experiments. In France Fourier designed pilot socialist communes. The element of town planning in these experiments did have a long-term significance and affected plans for improvement of the traditional urban environment. Haussnann's designs for a new centre of Paris owed a great deal to the ideas of Utopian planners. Urban renewal was seen as a form of social control.
| Module code and title: | A321, The revolutions of 1848 |
|---|---|
| Item code: | A321; 09 |
| First transmission date: | 01-09-1976 |
| Published: | 1976 |
| Rights Statement: | |
| Restrictions on use: | |
| Duration: | 00:22:22 |
| + Show more... | |
| Producer: | Patricia Hodgson |
| Contributors: | Ian Donnachie; Clive Emsley |
| Publisher: | BBC Open University |
| Keyword(s): | Europe; Paris; Tableau de Paris |
| Footage description: | The programme opens with a poem by Victor Hugo on the condition of the urban lower classes being read over prints of the subject. An English translation of the poem is displayed. Using an animated map of Europe, Emsley describes the rise in population between 1748 and 1848, and states the aims of the programme. Over 19th century prints of Manchester, he describes Engel's investigation of English working class conditions in 1844. Emsley states that the many prints used in the programme are from Texier's Tableau de Paris. Over a map of Paris he indicates the effects of over crowding. Using a cartoon and an animated map, he explains Parisian social divisions within buildings and between districts of the city. Over a variety of illustrations showing Parisian workers, Emsley describes the nature of employment in mid-19th century Paris, and comments on the incidence of suicide. He describes the appearance of the different social classes. From the studio Emsley comments briefly on the general European problem of urban poverty and political unrest. Over a number of prints Ian Donnachie describe early 19th century attempts to solve the problem of urban poverty. Schemes of Saint Simon and Fourier are examined, and reasons for their failure given. Donnachie describes Owenite schemes in Britain, particularly those at New Lanark and Orbiston. With the help of maps and illustrations he also describes O'Connorville and other Chartist ventures. Emsley briefly describes other English philanthropic schemes. He examines Louis Napoleon's rebuilding of Paris, comparing it with similar developments in London. The motives behind such schemes are investigated. An animated map of Paris is used to show how the rebuilt streets were intended to prevent the erection of barricades. Emsley concludes by indication the connection between urban reform and fear of revolution. |
| Master spool number: | 6HT/72083 |
| Production number: | 00525_3221 |
| Videofinder number: | 3317 |
| Available to public: | no |
